In 1508 King Ferdinand (Queen Isabella having opposed the exploitation of natives but dying in 1504) authorized Ponce de León to conquer the remaining Taínos and exploit them in gold mining. On 10 July, 1509, Diego Colón, the son of Christopher Columbus, arrived in Hispaniola as acting Viceroy, replacing Nicolás de Ovando. [54] Eventually they found a gap in the reefs and sailed "to the north and other times to the northeast" until they reached the Florida mainland on 23 May, where they encountered the Calusa, who refused to trade and drove off the Spanish ships by surrounding them with warriors in sea canoes armed with long bows. Three ships were purchased for his armada and after repairs and provisioning Ponce de León left Spain on 14 May, 1515 with his little fleet. Juan Ponce de Leon. There he was wounded by an arrow during an Indian attack, and he died after being returned to Cuba. He served as the Governor of Puerto Rico from … He was a soldier from 1502 to 1504. In 1508, Ferdinand II of Aragon gave permission to Ponce de León for the first official expedition to the island, which the Spanish then called San Juan Bautista. Although the courts had ordered that Ponce de León should remain in office, Colón circumvented this directive on 28 October, 1509 by appointing Juan Ceron chief justice and Miguel Diaz chief constable of the island, effectively overriding the authority of the governor. In 1493, Ponce de León sailed with Christopher Columbus on Columbus' second voyage to the Americas. By stepping foot in Florida, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León, by many accounts, discovered mainland America. Spanish slave expeditions had been regularly raiding the Bahamas since 1494 and there is some evidence that one or more of these slavers made it as far as the shores of Florida. As a reward for suppressing an Indian mutiny, Ponce de León was named by Ovando to be the provincial governor of the eastern part of Hispaniola. Juan Ponce de Leon impacted the world in several amazing ways. "Who Was Juan Ponce de León? [26] Ponce de León searched inland until he found a suitable site about two miles from the bay. Instead he found these amazing things. [15] Ponce de León was a member of this expedition, one of 200 "gentleman volunteers. Hearing persistent reports of gold to be found on Puerto Rico, Ponce de León in 1508–09 explored and settled that island, founding the colony’s oldest settlement, Caparra, near what is now San Juan. 103–115 for complete Herrera account. "[16], The fleet reached the Caribbean in November 1493. While there, he found large deposits of gold. Ponce de León had influential supporters in Spain and Ferdinand regarded him as a loyal servant. Fuson, Robert Henderson. Another piece of evidence that others came before Ponce de León is the Cantino Map from 1502, which shows a peninsula near Cuba that looks like Florida's and includes characteristic place names. Ponce de Leon is credited for having been the first Spanish explorer following Christopher Columbus’s discoveries in the Western Hemisphere, to have actually visited the North American continent. [22], Around this time, Ponce de León married Leonora, an innkeeper's daughter. He also visited Casa de Contratación in Seville, which was the central bureaucracy and clearinghouse for all of Spain's activities in the New World. Juan Ponce de Leon was appointed as the governor of San J… He continued to explore the region and amassed substantial quantities of precious metals. Ponce de Leon discovered land, gold, and slaves. Upon his return to Puerto Rico, Ponce de León found the island in turmoil. Ponce de León reached Puerto Rico on 19 October after having been away for almost eight months. Marc Tyler Nobleman, Juan Ponce de Leon (Mankato: Capstone Press, 2005), 7. De Leon was a provincial governor when he heard of riches and fertile land in a region called Puerto Rico, which was not very far from the island. Learn ponce de leon juan history with free interactive flashcards. He found a ready market for his farm produce and livestock at nearby Boca de Yuma where Spanish ships stocked supplies before the long voyage back to Spain. [15][20] Ovando interpreted this as authorizing subjugation of the native Taínos. Ponce de León realized he had to act soon if he was to maintain his claim. [33] For several years Diego Colón had been waging a legal battle over his rights to inherit the titles and privileges granted to his father. Juan Ponce de León was a Spanish conquistador and explorer, best remembered for settling the island of Puerto Rico and for directing the first major explorations of Florida. He would not return to Puerto Rico for two years. The arrow that killed Ponce de Leon was poisoned with the sap of the manchineel tree. [21], Ponce de León prospered in this new role. Shortly thereafter Miruelo's ship was wrecked in a storm and Ponce de León rescued the stranded crew. The new governor returned to the island as instructed, bringing with him his wife and children. He made two trips to Florida: one in 1513 and the second in 1521. He named it La Florida in recognition of the verdant landscape and because it was the Easter season, which the Spaniards called Pascua Florida (Festival of Flowers). Learn Juan Ponce de Leon with free interactive flashcards. Corrections? An unsubstantiated claim to justify Spanish retreat. Juan Ponce de León is credited with being the first European to reach Florida. Ponce de Leon’s name is forever linked with the very famous Fountain of Youth legend, which was thought to be located in Florida. Ponce de León then had Ceron and Diaz arrested and sent back to Spain. Juan Ponce de León was a conquistador and explorer from Spain. Meanwhile, there had been at least two unauthorized voyages to "his" Florida both ending in repulsion by the native Calusa Tequesta warriors. It is possible that he began his career of exploration in 1493 as part of Christopher Columbus’s second expedition to the New World. He became interested in sailing through his cousin, Christopher Columbus, and also was close friends with his neighbor, Vasco Da Gama, so it was no surprise that he became a world-famous explorer.In 1493 he accompanied Columbus on his second expedition to the Americas. Exploring the World. Many people associate the 16th-century Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León with the mythical Fountain of Youth. He was already an experienced sailor, and would become one of the most respected pilots in the region. He was born in Santervás de Campos, Valladolid, Spain in 1474. This was the first encounter with the Gulf Stream where it reaches maximum force between the Florida coast and the Bahamas. By early 1509 Ponce de León decided to return to Hispaniola. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He would be governor for life of any lands he discovered, but he was expected to finance for himself all costs of exploration and settlement. Challenges Faced. Juan Ponce de León is credited with being the first European to reach Florida . Louise Chipley Slavicek, Juan Ponce de León (Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003), 14. Ponce de León's own house was destroyed and his family narrowly escaped. He is also credited with being the first European to reach Florida (1513). Ponce de León equipped three ships with at least 200 men at his own expense and set out from Puerto Rico on 4 March, 1513. [38], The contract stipulated that Ponce de León held exclusive rights to the discovery of Benimy and neighboring islands for the next three years. [13] A contemporary chronicler, Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, states that Ponce de León gained his experience as a soldier fighting in the Spanish campaigns that defeated the Moors in Granada and completed the re-conquest of Spain in 1492. In addition to the usual directions for sharing gold and other valuables with the king, the contract was one of the first to stipulate that the Requerimiento was to be read to the inhabitants of the islands prior to their conquest. [35] This situation prevailed until 2 March, 1510, when Ferdinand issued orders reaffirming Ponce de León's position as governor. Thus, Ovando authorized the Jaragua massacre in November 1503. Ponce de León returned to Spain in 1514 and was knighted by King Ferdinand, who also re-instated him as the governor of Puerto Rico and authorized him to settle Florida. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Endnotes. The identity of his parents is still unknown, but he appears to have been a member of a distinguished and influential noble family. Updates? Subsequent explorations lead to the establishing of a Spanish colony in Puerto Rico. [60], On 14 June they set sail again looking for a chain of islands in the west that had been described by their captives. At the time he did not realize that he was on the mainland of North America and instead supposed he had landed on an island. Answer to: What did Juan Ponce de Leon discover? Supposedly, Ponce de Leon treated the Indians under his governorship in a non-violent manner. Ponce de Leon is most famous for his discovery of St. Augustine, Florida. In 1513, Ponce de León led the first known European expedition to La Florida, which he named during his first voyage to the area. Search this site. This appointment was later confirmed by Ferdinand II on 14 August, 1509. See Fuson, pp. [28], The expedition was deemed a great success and Ovando appointed Ponce de León governor of San Juan Bautista. His Route. Navigate parenthood with the help of the Raising Curious Learners podcast. Pinzón did not fulfill his commission and it expired in 1507, leaving the way clear for Ponce de León. Juan Ponce de León and the Spanish Discovery of Puerto Rico and Florida. On 27 March, Easter Sunday, they sighted an island that was unfamiliar to the sailors on the expedition. [43][52] This sighting was recorded at noon the day before with either a quadrant or a mariner's astrolabe, and the expedition sailed north for the remainder of the day before anchoring for the night and rowing ashore the following morning. [20] There they captured giant sea turtles, Caribbean monk seals, and thousands of seabirds. Several sources suggest that he might not have been the first European to reach the peninsula, but he is the earliest documented European explorer to do so. Turner, Samuel P. (2012) "The Caribbean World of Juan Ponce de León and His Discovery of Florida". Top Answer. For other uses, see, 16th-century Spanish explorer and conquistador, 17th century engraving of Ponce de León (unauthenticated), John J. Browne Ayes, "Juan Ponce de León, the new and revised genealogy",2012 (take into account that, even though this book is backed by 15 years of research with documents and DNA, and is detailed, the author is not a geneticist). Was the journey a success? [13] In September 1493, some 1,200 sailors, colonists, and soldiers joined Christopher Columbus for his second voyage to the New World. Although born into a noble family, he was poor, and like many in similar situations, he sought fame and fortune as a soldier. [30] The Indians were put to work growing food crops and mining for gold. This earlier trip was done quietly because the Spanish crown had commissioned Vicente Yáñez Pinzón to settle the island in 1505. In an effort to reward Ponce de León for his services, Ferdinand urged him to seek these new lands outside the authority of Colón. Asked by Wiki User. Conquistadors. Ponce de León tasked the Santa Maria with further exploration while he returned home with the rest of crew. He coasted southward, sailing through the Florida Keys and ending his search near Charlotte Harbor on Florida’s west coast. Ponce de León decided to follow the advice of the sympathetic King Ferdinand and explore more of the Caribbean Sea. He became a military commander at this post and was appointed deputy governor. [64] A similar account appears in Francisco López de Gómara's Historia general de las Indias of 1551. He did receive assurances of support from Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, the regent appointed to govern Castile, but it was nearly two years before he was able to return home to Puerto Rico. He then returned to Puerto Rico and thence to Spain, where he secured the title in 1514 of military governor of Bimini and Florida with permission to colonize those regions. … In 1508–09 he explored and settled Puerto Rico, founding the colony’s oldest settlement, Caparra, near what is now San Juan. The Spanish crown encouraged Ponce de León to continue searching for new lands. Ponce de León was interred in Puerto Rico, and his tomb is located inside of the Cathedral of San Juan Bautista in San Juan. He attained the permission of Ovando and ventured out on an expedition of his own. Searching for this historic site, archeologists have conducted numerous "digs" at the Fountain of Youth, a National Archeological Park, where a Timucuan Indian villag… From here the little fleet disbanded. He named the region Florida because it was discovered at Easter time (Spanish: Pascua Florida) and because it abounded in lush, florid vegetation. Juan Ponce de León was a Spanish explorer. [25], His earlier exploration had confirmed the presence of gold and gave him a good understanding of the geography of the island. Contact with Strangers. Ponce de León could have been seeking it as a potential entrepreneurial venture. New York: Chelsea House, 1995. Ponce de Leon by: Dani. He did not find the Fountain of Youth. [71], During his stay in Spain, a new contract[72] was drawn up for Ponce de León confirming his rights to settle and govern Bimini and Florida,[73] which was then presumed to be an island. The exact landing spot where Ponce and his men came ashore remains unknown, but it was apparently somewhere between the Cape Canaveral area and the mouth of the St. Johns River. Catedral Metropolitana Basílica de San Juan Bautista, Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve, "The Caribbean World of Juan Ponce de León and His Discovery of Florida", "The Myth of Ponce de León and the Fountain of Youth", "Naming barrier island would honor state find", "Ponce de Leon's Second Voyage and Attempt to Colonize Florida", Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, Yale University Genocide Studies on Puerto Rico. [27] Although a few crops were planted, the settlers spent most of their time and energy searching for gold. By the early 1500s, Ponce de León was a top military official in the colonial government of Hispaniola, where he helped crush a rebellion of the native Taíno people. In early 1521, Ponce de León organized a colonizing expedition consisting of some 200 men, including priests, farmers and artisans, 50 horses and other domestic animals, and farming implements carried on two ships. Ponce De Leon was the first European to discover Florida. Ponce de León readily agreed to a new venture, and in February 1512 a royal contract was dispatched outlining his rights and authorities to search for "the Islands of Benimy". …a commission of inquiry under Luis Ponce de León, and, when he died almost immediately, Cortés was accused of poisoning him and was forced to retire to his estate.…. Several skirmishes followed with casualties on both sides and the Spaniards took eight Indians captive,[59] including one to become a translator. Though little is known about his family, he was of noble birth and served in the Spanish military from a young age. Juan Ponce de Leon is widely credited with the discovery of Florida. In 1521, Ponce de León finally returned to southwest Florida with the first large-scale attempt to establish a Spanish colony in what is now the continental United States. Early Years The king had been a strong supporter and Ponce de León felt it was imperative he return to Spain and defend his privileges and titles. Notably, there was no mention of a rejuvenating fountain.[39][40]. The three ships in this small fleet were the Santiago, the San Cristobal and the Santa Maria de la Consolacion. From these islands they sailed southwest in an apparent attempt to circle around Cuba and return home to Puerto Rico. In 1505 Ovando authorized Ponce de León to establish a new town in Higüey, which he named Salvaleón. It was on this latter expedition that he was wounded by Indigenous people and died shortly thereafter. Woodrow Wilson believed Indian servants brewing a "brown tea" in Puerto Rico may have inspired Ponce de León's search for the Fountain of Youth. Though stories of vitality-restoring waters were known on both sides of the Atlantic long before Ponce de León, the story of his searching for them was not attached to him until after his death. What did Ponce De Leon Discover? Though little is known about his family, he was of noble birth and served in the Spanish military from a young age. Omissions? By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Crown regretted the sweeping powers that had been granted to Columbus and his heirs and sought to establish more direct control in the New World. At Sea . This expedition, consisting of about 50 men in one ship, left Hispaniola on 12 July, 1508 and eventually anchored in San Juan Bay, near today's city of San Juan. The Casa took detailed notes of his discoveries and added them to the Padrón Real, a master map which served as the basis for official navigation charts provided to Spanish captains and pilots. 7 8 9. He led an exploration and found gold. Still, the notion of a Spanish explorer and conquistador seeking a legendary fountain captured the public imagination, and the name Ponce de Leon will forever be tied to the Fountain of Youth and Florida. [78], "Ponce de León" redirects here. [35], The political struggle between Colón and Ponce de León continued in this manner for the next few years. Paper presented at the Culturally La Florida Conference, May 3–6, St. Augustine, Florida. Failing to take into account the powerful currents pushing them eastward, they struck the northeast shore of Cuba and were initially confused about their location.[61]. New Discoveries. The expedition landed somewhere on the coast of southwest Florida, likely in the vicinity of Charlotte Harbor or the Caloosahatchee River, areas which Ponce de León had visited in his earlier voyage to Florida. Learn more about Florida and its geography, people, economy, and history. This latitude corresponds to a spot north of St. Augustine between what is now the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve and Ponte Vedra Beach. In April, the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon landed while searching for the fabled isle of Bimini. When Juan Ponce de León and his men arrived in 1513, the Americas were already populated by hundreds of thousands of Native peoples. [63] On this occasion he was wounded by an arrow during an Indian attack, and he died after being returned to Cuba. Some historians believe it occurred at or near St. Augustine;[47] others prefer a more southern landing at a small harbor now called Ponce de León Inlet;[45] but some also believe that Ponce came ashore even farther south near the present location of Melbourne Beach,[48][49][50] a theory that has been criticized by some scholars in recent years. In 1502 he was in the West Indies as a captain serving under Nicolás de Ovando, governor of Hispaniola. "Did the famous explorer Ponce de León first hit Melbourne Beach", Woodrow Wilson, "History of the American People, New York and Amsterdam: Harper and Brothers, 1917, Vol 1, p. 13. 92–95 or Lawson, pp. The tiniest ship, the San Cristobal, was carried out of sight and lost for two days. Anton de Alaminos was their chief pilot. In command of the expedition was Juan Ponce de León, veteran of the second expedition of Christopher Columbus, recently-deposed governor of San Juan del Puerto Rico, and holder of a royal contract issued the previous year to grant him the right to settle and govern the fabled island of Bimini, and any nearby lands he might discover. Though in popular culture he was supposedly searching for the Fountain of Youth, there is no contemporary evidence to support the story, which all modern historians call a myth.[7]. ; 1490: fought as a soldier in the Spanish army in southern Spain, after serving as page to Don Pedro Nunuz de Guzman, a Spanish knight.He also traveled the seas as a privateer, attacking ships belonging to the Moors. He was from well educated noble family but there are no such significant facts about his parents and descendents. He was born in Santervás de Campos, Valladolid, Spain in 1474. This page was last edited on 27 November 2020, at 05:26. [29], Back on his island, Ponce de León parceled out the native Taínos amongst himself and other settlers using a system of forced labor known as encomienda. In April 1513 he landed on the coast of Florida at a site between Saint Augustine and Melbourne Beach. In 1512, the king stripped Ponce de Leon of his governor title but granted him permission to discover and settle the island of Bimini. In 1521 Ponce de León sailed again for Florida, with two ships and 200 men, and landed near Charlotte Harbor. They visited several islands before arriving at their primary destination in Hispaniola. He served as a page at the court of Aragon, where he learned social skills, religion and military tactics. [11] The descendants of this marriage added the "de León" to their patronymic and were known henceforth as the Ponce de León. Sitemap. Ponce de Leon was born in Santervas de Campos, Spain where he started his first exploration. He was the very first European to discover and explore Florida. On 8 April they encountered a current so strong that it pushed them backwards and forced them to seek anchorage. Because of the powerful boost provided by the current, it would soon become the primary route for eastbound ships leaving the Spanish Indies bound for Europe. The vicinity of Charlotte Harbor is the most commonly identified spot, while some assert a landing further north at Tampa Bay or even Pensacola. There was one engagement in Guadeloupe on his return to the area and possibly two or three other encounters. This was Ponce de León's first glimpse of the place that would play a major role in his future. Wiki User Answered . The establishing of a rejuvenating Fountain. [ 39 ] [ 20 Ovando... ] Although a few crops were planted, the Americas this earlier trip was quietly! 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