Poison Sumac differs from other sumacs in having shorter leaves, fewer leaflets, and smooth leaf edges. Female plants produce scarlet, hairy terminal fruits in summer and persistent into winter. Please note: the non-poisonous Sumac yields clusters of red berries and is extremely common throughout the Adirondacks (and completely harmless). Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 12–16 inches long, with 15–23 leaflets; central leaf-stem smooth, lacking wings; leaflets with tip pointed, base rounded, margins coarsely toothed; upper surface dark green, shiny; lower surface lighter to conspicuously white, smooth; broken leaves exude a white sticky sap. Smooth Sumac has none of the hair on the leaves. Smooth sumac is well known for its brilliant red fall foliage and its deep red berries. Height – 16 feet (5 m) Exposure – full sun Soil – ordinary. Native Americans ate the young sprouts as a salad. Non-poisonous sumac has red berries. There are at least three different types of this fruit bearing tree: Poisonous (white smooth berries), Smooth (fuzzy red berries), Staghorn (very fuzzy berry cluster). Its leaves are especially attractive because they are much lighter on the underside than on the top surface. Please note: the non-poisonous Sumac yields clusters of red berries and is extremely common throughout the Adirondacks (and completely harmless). Male flowers have five petals and five yellow anthers, with a ring of nectaries below the anthers to reward pollinators. Now, however, we are getting back to discovering the truth behind this plant. See more ideas about poison sumac plant, sumac, poison. Poison Sumac is not so prevalent in the Piedmont region of NC and is even less so in the Mountains. See more ideas about Sumac, Poisonous plants, Poison. The poisonous oil could be on the shovel, so washing it will prevent you from accidentally touching it later on and getting a rash. This plant has no children Legal Status. Both glabra and trilobata have rhizomes that send up young stems and this form of asexual reproduction produces clones of sumac. The leaves of this plant have an oval or oblong shape, tapering to a wedge or point on each end. Add to Likebox #137478415 - scumpia flowers,tree of the sumac family in the garden. The first step before eating any wild edible is to positively identify it. In North America, the smooth sumac and the staghorn sumac are sometimes used to make a beverage termed "sumac-ade", "Indian lemonade", or "rhus juice". It is found in most regions of NC. Key facts for identification: Grows up to 20 feet tall; Has red stems You can get a rash from allowing your skin to brush up against poison sumac, even in winter. Smooth sumac is a thicket-forming shrub or small tree with a spreading crown. Sumac is a fairly common plant, and you were probably taught for years that it is poisonous and should be avoided. The fruit is persistent on the shrub into winter. If you learn how to identify the plant by its bark, then you will be able to avoid coming into contact with poison sumac in winter (after it has lost its leaves). In fact the red berries can be crushed into water to make a tart drink (sumac-ade), due to the high concentration of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the red covering over the seed clusters. Poison Sumac is poisonous all year round and at every phase of growth. Smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) and winged sumac (Rhus copallinum) are commonly occurring shrubs that may be mistaken for poison sumac, but there are several clear differences. Sumac thickets provide shelter for wildlife. Poison ivy (either the Eastern or Western variety) can be found virtually everywhere in the United States and as far north as the Canadian border, whereas poison oak sticks pretty much to the Pacific Northwest and the entire South. Add to Likebox #132684150 - Staghorn sumac flower - Latin name - Rhus typhina. Young leaves are often bright orange. I figured that you may also have to someday figure out the difference so here is what I found to help you identify the difference (please not I am not an expert and I highly recommend that you err on the side of caution unless you are 100% sure): Roots were boiled to extract an antiseptic that was applied to wounds and ulcers. Smooth sumac is a native plant found throughout the eastern United States. Poison Sumac contrasts with other sumacs by having shorter leaves that aren't as elongated and are smooth around the edges. Female plants produce scarlet, hairy terminal fruits in summer and persistent into winter. Rhus glabra L. – smooth sumac Subordinate Taxa. Outstand-ing red fall color. The flowers are tiny, green, produced in dense erect panicles 10–25 cm (4–10 in) tall, in the spring, later followed by large panicles of edible crimson berries that remain throughout the winter. Sumac grows prolifically in many parts of the U.S. Staghorn and smooth sumac may be seen in landscapes, but are also found in woodlands and along roadsides. The arsenal of chemical defenses is so effective that only the sumac leaf beetle, Blepharida rhois, can eat the leaves of smooth sumac and fragrant sumac. Note: The edible sumac I'm referring to here is any of several red-berried species of sumac (Rhus spp.) Unlike winged sumac, it lacks flattened leafy “wings” along the central stems of the compound leaves. Flameleaf or shining sumac, Rhus copallina, has more orange and red color in fall and the leaves are smooth and shiny on the top side, as the name implies. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. The leaves of poison sumac differ in being hairless and shiny with smooth margins. Aromatic sumac is shorter: it only grows up to 6 feet tall. Sumac grows prolifically in many parts of the U.S. Staghorn and smooth sumac may be seen in landscapes, but are also found in woodlands and along roadsides. CLICK HERE TO TURN ON NOTIFICATIONS. Flower Description: Clusters of flowers are small, yellow-green and each flower forms into a berry on the erect cluster. The leaflets of smooth sumac have teeth along the edges and are greater in number (eleven to thirty-one) than those seen in poison sumac (figure 11). Sumac (pronounced (/ ˈ sj uː m æ k /) or (/ ˈ s uː m æ k /), and also spelled sumach, sumak, soumak, and sumaq) is any one of about 35 species of flowering plants in the genus Rhus and related genera, in the family Anacardiaceae.It grows in subtropical and temperate regions throughout the world, especially in East Asia, Africa, and North America. The leaves are alternate, 30–50 cm (12–20 in) long, compound with 11–31 oppositely paired leaflets, each leaflet 5–11 cm (2–4 1⁄4 in) long, with a serrated margin. Smooth sumac is much smaller, 10 feet tall at most. Staghorn sumac, also called vinegar sumac, is a short tree that grows in a roundish shape. The leaflets of smooth sumac have teeth along the edges and are greater in number (eleven to thirty-one) than those seen in poison sumac (figure 11). Burn sumac wood only if you are certain it is not poison sumac, and only under certain controlled circumstances. Tea prepared from green twigs was used to treat tuberculosis. Red cone-shaped fruit clusters are held above the branches in summer, autumn and winter. Poison sumac has clusters of waxy, hairless, whitish berries that are suspended UNDER the branches, like grapes. The compound leaves consist of 7–13 oval leaflets with smooth margins. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Species with red berries, including smooth and fragrant sumac, produce edible berries, while species with white berries, including poison ivy, have poisonous berries. In the northeast the staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina, synonym: Rhus hirta) predominates. Height – 16 feet (5 m) Exposure – full sun Soil – ordinary. smooth sumac. Roots produced a yellow dye and a light-yellow dye could be made from the pulverized pulp of stems. The sumacs are members of the Anacardiaceae (or Cashew Family), like cashews, mangos, and a few common poisonous species. Smooth Sumac has none of the hair on the leaves. Oct 2, 2020 - Explore Kim Kidd's board "Poison sumac plant" on Pinterest. Be careful to select the right species of Rhus, for many are highly poisonous. Smooth, Staghorn, and Fragrant sumac are three of the most common species of Rhus, which not only resembled each other, but were used similarly. Where Poison Sumac is Located. The lack of “hair” on the white fruit, or stems, and the smooth-edged leaves on poison sumac are a good way to tell the difference between Poison Sumac and Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina). Poison sumac is a deciduous tree or shrub with an open form. U.S. Weed Information; Rhus glabra . Native Americans used the drupes medicinally to treat sunburn and sores and to make red and black dyes; the flowers to treat sore mouths; the roots to treat sore throats and to make a yellow dye; and sometimes smoked the dried red leaves. Ute basket weavers preferred the supple twigs of fragrant sumac for ceremonial baskets, while willow branches could be used to weave coarser working baskets. Navajo used fermented berries to create an orange-brown dye, while a different extraction from berries produced red. A trilobata leaf develops as three completely separated lobes, while a glabra leaf is compound, 1 to 2 feet long, with 11 to 31 pointed leaflets per leaf — these remind me of the leaves of ferns. Bud Size - Small, round-ovoid with leaf scar almost The dark green summer foliage turns an excellent yellow to orange-red-purple combinations in fall. Sumac can be both poisonous and not. A sumac plant is a type of small tree or shrub with compound leaves, milky sap, and fleshy fruit.. Sumac family, its foliage layout is similar to staghorn sumac.The leaves grow in groups of 7 to 13 per stem. [4] The fruit is sour and contains a large seed, but can be chewed (to alleviate thirst) and made into a lemonad-like drink. The dark green summer foliage turns an excellent yellow to orange-red-purple combinations in fall. The family-oriented approach is designed with your loved ones in... Jeff Mitton, mitton@colorado.edu, is a professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Colorado. Yes, some varieties are poisonous, but many are not, and it’s not difficult to distinguish them. Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina), at top, has fuzzy fruit and stems and is named “staghorn” because the fuzzy fruit spike resembles a stag’s horn in velvet. Name – Rhus typhina Family – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub. [5] In 2020, archaeologists unearthed a pipe at a dig in Central Washington state, showing chemical evidence that a Native American tribe had smoked Rhus glabra either alone or in a blend with tobacco, perhaps "for its medicinal qualities and to improve the flavor of smoke. The Smooth Sumac and Shining Sumac are smooth both on the twigs and the fruits. No, really! Similar Images . Where Poison Sumac Grows. In North America, there is also a poisonous variety of sumac which would-be nature harvesters must be on the alert for. Tannins extracted from leaves produce a brown dye. Poison sumac is a shrub or small tree differentiated from the common sumac, staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) growing along U.S. highways and roads in USDA zones 4 through 8, by its leaves and berries. Neither staghorn nor smooth sumac are harmful to skin. This plant has no children Legal Status. The upper branches of smooth sumac are short and crooked. If your barn cat goes through poison ivy or poison oak and you pick it up- you’re going to get the poisonous oil on you. Does your home heating system work as it should? Sep 9, 2019 - Explore Jimmy Knapp's board "Poison sumac", followed by 110 people on Pinterest. Sumac species are dioecious, meaning that a plant is either male or female. It typically reaches about 6 metres (20 feet) in height. Deer forage the twigs and fruit. Aromatic sumac, Rhus aromatica, is named for the aromatic scent that it has when the leaves or stems are bruised. Naitve Americans also used sumac leaves in the smoking mixture call kinninkinick. Smooth sumac has smooth stems, like poison sumac. Adding to the confusion is the fact that the three poisonous plants inhabit many of the same areas. Staghorn Sumac is very common, and is not poisonous to touch. Its leaves are smooth, broad and pinnately compound with smooth margins. The leaves mature to a deep glossy green … "[6], 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T124270038A135957581.en, An Ancient Residue Metabolomics-Based Method to Distinguish Use of Closely Related Plant Species in Ancient Pipes, Non-tobacco plant identified in ancient pipe for first time, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhus_glabra&oldid=984165556, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 October 2020, at 16:00. Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) General Description A large, loose, open-spreading shrub with a flattish crown. Smooth and fragrant sumac are easy to distinguish. Naitve Americans also used sumac leaves in the smoking mixture call kinninkinick. Smooth Sumac is a deciduous shrub that has short, crooked, trunks with charming, dark green leaves laid out in a symmetrical pattern along the branches. Here are the four key items to look for in order to positively identify staghorn and smooth sumac (taken from my previous article): Compound Toothed Leaves: Both species have pinnately compound leaves with serrated edges. U.S. Weed Information; Rhus glabra . Deer, small mammals and numerous species of birds consume sumac berries from both smooth and fragrant sumac. The Smooth Sumac and Shining Sumac are smooth both on the twigs and the fruits. Staghorn sumac’s fruit is held in tighter clusters than those of smooth sumac. A drupe consists of 100 to 700 flowers and a fertilized female flower develops into a berry with a single seed — so only females produce berries. Poison sumac leaflets have smooth margins and don’t have a winged main stem while non-poisonous sumacs may have serrations on the leaf margins and a winged main stem. A sumac plant is a type of small tree or shrub with compound leaves, milky sap, and fleshy fruit.. The poison sumac does not possess hair on its stem and branches and this can help to identify it from the staghorn sumac. Leaves and Buds Bud Arrangement - Alternate. List of key staghorn tree facts. smooth sumac. A thicket of smooth sumac retained some of its berries in January, though most of them were gone. Rhus glabra, the smooth sumac, (also known as white sumac, upland sumac, or scarlet sumac) is a species of sumac in the family Anacardiaceae, native to North America, from southern Quebec west to southern British Columbia in Canada, and south to northern Florida and Arizona in the United States and Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico. Similar to Staghorn sumac but shorter. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. List of key staghorn tree facts. Juice extracted from roots was believed to cure warts. A thicket of smooth sumac retained some of its berries in January, though most of them were gone. Staghorn sumac, also called vinegar sumac, is a short tree that grows in a roundish shape. The bark on older wood is smooth and grey to brown. The poison sumac does not possess hair on its stem and branches and this can help to identify it from the staghorn sumac. 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Usually grows in masses and suckers profusely. Rhus glabra L. – smooth sumac Subordinate Taxa. Discover the fulfilling senior assisted lifestyle at AltaVita Assisted Living! Name – Rhus typhina Family – Anacardiaceae Type – shrub. Smooth sumac has smooth stems covered with a white powder that comes off when you touch it.

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